POTASSIUM NITRATE KNO3

Properties potassium nitrate KNO3:

Potash (Indian) nitrate. White. Melts without decomposition, on further heating decomposes. Stable in air. Readily soluble in water with high endo-effect (without hydrolysis). Does not form сrystalline hydrates. Strong oxidizing agent at sintering. In solution recovered only by atomic hydrogen.


Molar mass g/mol 101.10
Density g/cm3 2.109
Melting point °C 334.5

Obtaining potassium nitrate KNO3:

2KO2 + 2NO2 = 2KNO3 + O2 (70°C).

KOH + HСl (diluted) = KСl + H2O,

KOH + HNO3 (diluted) = KNO3 + H2O.

2KOH (cold) + NO + NO2 = 2KNO2 + H2O,

4KOH(hot) + 4NO2 + O2 = 4 KNO3 + 2H2O.

2KNO2 (diluted, hot) + O2 → time → 2KNO3.

KNO2 + H2O2 = KNO3 + H2O (in the diluted H2SO4),

KNO2 + H2O +Br2 = KNO3 + 2HBr.


Chemical reactions with potassium nitrate KNO3:

2KNO3 = 2 KNO2 + O2 (400-520°C).

KNO3 (diluted) + 6H2O = [K(H2O)6]+ + NO3- (pH = 7).

KNO3 (saturated) + (1-2)HNO3 (conc.) = KNO3·(1-2)HNO3↓ (normal temp.).

KNO3 + 2H0(Zn, diluted HCl) = KNO2 + H2O,

KNO3 + 8H0(Al, conc. KOH) = NH3↑ + 2H2O + KOH (normal temp.).

2KNO3 + (NH4)2SO4 = K2SO4 + 2N2O + 4H2O (230-300°C).

KNO3 + H2SO4(conc.) = HNO3↑ + KHSO4 (vacuum).

2KNO3 + 3C(graphite) + S = N2 + 3CO2 + K2S (combustion of gunpowder).

6KNO3 + 10 Al = 6 KAlO2 + 2Al2O3 + 3 N2 (400°C).

KNO3 + Pb = KNO2 + PbO (350-400°C),

KNO3 (conc.) + Pb (sponge) + H2O = KNO2 + Pb(OH)2 ↓.

3KNO3 + 2KOH + Fe = K2FeO4 + 3KNO2 + H2O (400-420°C).
 

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